VEDIC HYMNS OF UNIVERSE : THE MAIDEN INTERPRETATION OF COSMOS(or UNIVERSE)!!!
Each universe lasts for 4.32 billion years in a time period called a (KALPA) or day of Brahma, where the universe is created at the start and destroyed at the end, only to be recreated at the start of the next Kalpa. A Kalpa is followed by an equal period of partial dissolution (Pralaya or night of Brahma), when Brahma takes rest from his creative duties and the universe remains in an unmanifest state. Further divisions of time are a Manvantara, each with Chatur Yuga( Maha Yuga), each with four Yugas or A Yuga Cycle (Satya Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga and Kali Yuga) is a cyclic age in Hindu cosmology, where eternal time repeats general events. Each cycle repeats four yugas (dharmic ages)—Satya Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga, and Kali Yuga—lasting for 4,320,000 years or 12,000 divine years.
Dharma is personified as a bull, whose four legs reduce by one with each new yuga, often related to Mother Earth personified as a cow. As the cycle progresses, each yuga's length, and humanity's general moral and physical state, decrease by 1/4th. Near the end of Kali Yuga, when virtues are at their worst, a cataclysm and re-establishment of dharma occur to usher in the next cycle's Satya Yuga, prophesied to occur by Kalki. Kali Yuga, which lasts for 432,000 years, is believed to have started in 3102 BCE.
There are 1,000 cycles in a kalpa (day of Brahma), which is followed by a night or pralaya (dissolution) of equal length. During a pralaya, everything created by Brahma is unmanifest, including himself, until he is reborn in his next day, starting the Yuga Cycles again.
According to Hindu cosmology, there is no absolute start to time, as it is considered infinite and cyclic. Similarly, the space and universe has neither start nor end, rather it is cyclical. The current universe is just the start of a present cycle preceded by an infinite number of universes and to be followed by another infinite number of universes.
Time(kal Chakra)―
The different states of matter are guided by eternal kala (time), which repeats general events ranging from a moment to the lifespan of the universe, which is cyclically created and destroyed.
Prakriti (primal matter) remains mixed for a maha-kalpa (life of Brahma) of 311.04 trillion years, and is followed by a maha-pralaya (great dissolution) of equal length. The universe (matter) remains manifested for a kalpa (day of Brahma) of 4.32 billion years, and is followed by a pralaya (partial dissolution, night of Brahma) of equal length. Each kalpa has 15 sandhya (junctures of great flooding) and 14 manvantara (age of Manu, progenitor of mankind), each manvantara lasting 306.72 million years. Each kalpa has 1,000 and each manvantara has 71 chatur-yuga
( maha-yuga), each lasting 4.32 million years.
Matter(Padarth)―
All matter is based on three inert gunas (qualities or tendencies):―
1. Sattva (goodness)
2. Rajas (passion)
3. Tamas (darkness)
There are three states of the gunas that make up all matter in the universe.
a). Pradhana (root matter): gunas in an unmixed and unmanifested state (equilibrium).
b). Prakriti (primal matter): gunas in a mixed and unmanifested state.
c). Universe (matter): gunas in a mixed and manifested state.
Pradhana, which has no consciousness or will to act on its own, is initially agitated by a primal desire to create. The different schools of thought differ in understanding about the ultimate source of that desire and what the gunas are mixed with (eternal elements, time, jiva-atmas).
The manifest material elements (matter) range from the most subtle to the most physical (gross). These material elements cover the individual, spiritual jiva-atmas (embodied souls), allowing them to interact with the material sense objects, such as their temporary material bodies, other conscious bodies, and unconscious objects.
Manifested subtle elements:―
~ Ahamkara (ego)
~ Buddhi (intelligence)
~ Citta (mind)
Manifested physical (gross) elements (Pancha Bhoota or 5 great elements) and their associated senses and sense organs that manifest.
MULTIVERSE)―
The Hindu texts describe innumerable universes existing all at the same time, some larger than others, each with its own Brahma administrator with a comparable number of heads. Our universe is described as the smallest with a Brahma of only four heads. The Hindu concept of innumerable universes is comparable to the multiverse theory, except nonparallel where individual jiva-atmas (embodied souls) exist in exactly one universe at a time. All universes manifest from the same matter, and so they all follow parallel time cycles, manifesting and unmanifesting at the same time.
"The layers or elements covering the universes are each ten times thicker than the one before, and all the universes clustered together appear like atoms in a huge combination."
― Bhagavata Purana
"Because You are unlimited, neither the lords of heaven nor even You Yourself can ever reach the end of Your glories. The countless universes, each enveloped in its shell, are compelled by the wheel of time to wander within You, like particles of dust blowing about in the sky. The Εrutis, following their method of eliminating everything separate from the Supreme, become successful by revealing You as their final conclusion."
— Bhagavata Purana
Creation Of Universe)―
Brahma, the first born and secondary creator, during the start of his kalpa, divides the universe, first into three, later into fourteen lokas (planes or realms)—sometimes grouped into heavenly, earthly and hellish planes—and creates the first living entities to multiply and fill the universe. Some Puranas describe innumerable universes existing simultaneously with different sizes and Brahmas, each manifesting and unmanifesting at the same time.
Rigveda on creation
The Rigveda presents many speculative theories of cosmology. For example:
Hiranyagarbha sukta, (its hymn 10.121), states a golden child was born in the universe and was the lord, established earth and heaven, then asks but who is the god to whom we shall offer the sacrificial prayers?
Devi sukta, (its hymn 10.125), states a goddess is all, the creator, the created universe, the feeder and the lover of the universe;
Nasadiya sukta, (its hymn 10.129), asks who created the universe, does anyone really know, and whether it can ever be known.
LOKE(Dimension)
Loka is a Sanskrit concept in Indian religions, that means plane or realm of existence.
The concept of a loka or lokas develops in the Vedic literature. ... The most common cosmological conception of lokas in the Veda was that of the trailokya or triple world: three worlds consisting of earth, atmosphere or sky, and heaven, making up the universe."
According to Hindu cosmology, the universe contains 7 upper and 7 lower planes of existence.
In the Brahmanda Purana, as well as Bhagavata Purana, fourteen lokas (planes) are described, consist of seven higher (Vyahrtis) and seven lower (Patalas) lokas.
1). Satya-loka (Brahma-loka)
2). Tapa-loka
3). Jana-loka
4). Mahar-loka
5). Svar-loka (Svarga-loka or Indra-loka)
6). Bhuvar-loka
7). Bhu-loka (Earth plane)
1). Atala-loka
2). Vital-loka
3). Sutala-loka
4). Talatala-loka
5). Mahatala-loka
6). Rasatala-loka
7). Patala-loka
[Stephen Hawking once said the Vedas had a theory superior to that of Albert Einstein’s famous equation, E=mc2.]
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